Pet Fish Guide
Pet Fish Article
Setting up a Tropical Fish Tank
from: PetSpectacle.comA beginner's aquarium kit contains a tank, tank lid, light, heater, thermometer, filter, and air pump. Accessories such as live or plastic plants, gravel, and decorations can also be purchased. It is also necessary to have a stand for the aquarium.
Tanks come in a variety of sizes. It is best to choose at least a 20 gallon tank. Large tanks provide a more stable environment for the fish. Fluctuations in water quality or temperature are evened out in a large tank and magnified in a small tank. In a small tank, these fluctuations can have a greater impact on the health of the fish inhabiting the tank. Glass tanks and acrylic tanks are available. An acrylic tank is lighter in weight than a glass tank of the same size. An acrylic tank must be completely supported under its base. Acrylic also scratches more easily than glass. Cleaners are available that can help hide the scratches on an acrylic tank.
An air pump is not necessary for the health of fish in an aquarium. The purpose of an air pump is to cause the water in the tank to move. This increases water circulation and increases surface area. Most oxygenation takes place at the water's surface. When the surface area of the water is increased, the water can take up more oxygen and release more carbon dioxide. A filter, however, will provide all the circulation necessary to ensure sufficient oxygenation. If the filter is air driven, an air pump is required.
Filters can be mechanical, chemical, or biological. Some filters are designed to accomplish all these functions. A mechanical filter removes solid particles from the water by forcing the water through a sponge, fiberglass, or cotton wad. The filtering material must be changed periodically. A chemical filter removes chemical toxins and dissolved gases from the water. A biological filter breaks waste materials down into non toxic products.
Lighting
A light is necessary if the tank contains live plants. Exposure to sunlight can result in excessive algae growth. The tank can be lit by means of a fluorescent light or incandescent light. Although fluorescent light fixtures cost more than incandescent fixtures, fluorescent light is preferable. Fluorescent light produces less heat and lights up the color of the fish better than incandescent light. It is also more economical after the initial purchase as it is more efficient. Also, if there are live plants in the tank, a grow light must be used if the tank is lit by incandescent light. A grow light is not needed if a fluorescent light is used.
Cover
A tank cover is needed if the fish are jumpers. If a cover is used, it will help prevent evaporation. A tighter fit will mean less evaporation.
Gravel and Sand
Gravel comes in natural or colored varieties. Almost any color of gravel is available. Colors can be mixed to create a unique look. Gravel does need to be cleaned periodically. A gravel vacuum can be used or the gravel can be taken out of the tank and cleaned. Specialty fish stores also stock natural and colored aquarium sand. Although sand can be very attractive, it is more difficult to keep clean. Sand does provide a better base than gravel for live plants. A substrate also provides a home for beneficial bacteria.
Decorations
Decorations for a fish tank may be wood, plastic, stone, or ceramic. Driftwood is a popular choice for decorating an aquarium. Decorations available at fish supply stores or pet stores are safest as they won't release toxic substances.